Appendix H. Master Bibliography

This bibliography aggregates all citations referenced in the chapters and appendices, plus additional reading useful for working in the field. Organized by topic for the convenience of readers pursuing depth in a specific area. Entries with journal names are peer-reviewed publications; entries marked Conf. Rec. are conference papers; entries marked as standards are official documents from issuing bodies.

H.1 Textbooks and Reference Works

[T1] G. F. Knoll, Radiation Detection and Measurement, 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2010. The standard reference textbook for the field. Every working radiation-detection engineer owns a copy.

[T2] J. B. Birks, The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1964. The classical text on scintillation, still cited regularly for organic scintillators and the Birks formula.

[T3] M. J. Berger and J. H. Hubbell, XCOM: Photon Cross Sections Database, NIST Standard Reference Database 8 (XGAM). https://www.nist.gov/pml/xcom-photon-cross-sections-database. The standard reference for photon attenuation coefficients.

[T4] P. Lecoq, A. Gektin, and M. Korzhik, Inorganic Scintillators for Detector Systems, 2nd ed. Cham: Springer, 2017. Comprehensive coverage of inorganic scintillator materials.

[T5] T. E. Johnson, Introduction to Health Physics, 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2017. Standard health physics textbook; covers detection in the operational radiation-protection context.

[T6] M. Nikl and A. Yoshikawa, "Recent R&D trends in inorganic single-crystal scintillator materials for radiation detection," Adv. Opt. Mater., vol. 3, pp. 463-481, 2015. A widely cited review of new scintillator developments.

[T7] T. Yanagida, "Inorganic scintillating materials and scintillation detectors," Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B, vol. 94, pp. 75-97, 2018. Review of recent inorganic scintillator developments with emphasis on Japanese contributions.

H.2 Foundational Papers in Scintillation Physics

[F1] R. Hofstadter, "Alkali halide scintillation counters," Phys. Rev., vol. 74, pp. 100-101, 1948. The discovery of NaI(Tl) as a gamma scintillator. Hofstadter's contribution to the field.

[F2] H. Kallmann and M. Furst, "Fluorescence of solutions bombarded with high energy radiation (energy transport in liquids)," Phys. Rev., vol. 79, pp. 857-870, 1950. Early work on liquid scintillators.

[F3] J. B. Birks, "Scintillations from organic crystals: specific fluorescence and relative response to different radiations," Proc. Phys. Soc. A, vol. 64, pp. 874-877, 1951. The Birks formula.

[F4] W. Mengesha, T. D. Taulbee, B. D. Rooney, and J. D. Valentine, "Light yield nonproportionality of CsI(Tl), CsI(Na), and YAP," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 456-461, 1998. The non-proportionality measurements that became the standard reference data.

[F5] K. Kamada et al., "Composition engineering in cerium-doped (Lu,Gd)3(Ga,Al)5O12 single-crystal scintillators," Cryst. Growth Des., vol. 11, pp. 4484-4490, 2011. Foundational paper on the GAGG family.

[F6] M. T. Lucchini et al., "Effect of Mg2+ ions co-doping on timing performance and radiation tolerance of cerium doped Gd3Al2Ga3O12 crystals," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 816, pp. 176-183, 2016.

[F7] R. Hawrami, E. Ariesanti, V. Buliga, L. Matei, S. Motakef, and A. Burger, "Advanced high-performance large diameter Cs2HfCl6 (CHC) and mixed halides scintillator," J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 533, p. 125473, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2019.125473.

H.3 Photodetector References

[P1] M. Mazzillo et al., "Silicon photomultiplier technology at STMicroelectronics," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 2434-2442, 2009.

[P2] N. Otte et al., "Characterization of three high-efficiency and blue-sensitive silicon photomultipliers," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 846, pp. 106-125, 2017.

[P3] T. Frach et al., "The digital silicon photomultiplier: principle of operation and intrinsic detector performance," in IEEE NSS-MIC Conf. Rec., 2009, pp. 1959-1965.

[P4] M. Akatsu et al., "MCP-PMT timing property for single photons," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 528, pp. 763-775, 2004.

[P5] Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Photomultiplier Tubes: Basics and Applications, 4th ed. Hamamatsu, Japan: Hamamatsu Photonics, 2017. The standard PMT reference manual.

[P6] ON Semiconductor, Introduction to the Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM), application note AND9770/D (originally a SensL technical note).

H.4 Pulse Processing and Digital Electronics

[E1] V. T. Jordanov and G. F. Knoll, "Digital synthesis of pulse shapes in real time for high resolution radiation spectroscopy," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 345, pp. 337-345, 1994.

[E2] V. T. Jordanov, "Real time digital pulse shaper with variable weighting function," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 505, pp. 347-351, 2003.

H.5 Neutron Detection

[Nu1] R. T. Kouzes, "The 3He supply problem," PNNL-18388, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Apr. 2009.

[Nu2] R. T. Kouzes et al., "Neutron detection alternatives to 3He for national security applications," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 623, pp. 1035-1045, 2010.

[Nu3] N. Zaitseva et al., "Plastic scintillators with efficient neutron/gamma pulse shape discrimination," Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 668, pp. 88-93, 2012.

[Nu4] J. Glodo et al., "Selected properties of Cs2LiYCl6, Cs2LiLaCl6, and Cs2LiLaBr6 scintillators," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 333-338, 2011.

H.6 Standards Documents

[Std1] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE/ANSI N42.34-2021 - American National Standard Performance Criteria for Handheld Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides, 2021.

[Std2] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE N42.35-2025 - IEEE Standard for Evaluation and Performance of Radiation Portal Monitors for Use in Homeland Security, 2025.

[Std3] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE/ANSI N42.42-2020 - American National Standard Data Format for Radiation Detectors Used for Homeland Security, 2020.

[Std4] International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 61577-1: Radiation protection instrumentation - Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments - Part 1: General principles, 2006.

[Std5] International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 61526:2024: Radiation protection instrumentation - Measurement of personal dose equivalents for X, gamma, neutron and beta radiations - Active personal dosemeters, 2024.

[Std6] US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 10 CFR Part 20: Standards for Protection Against Radiation, current edition.

[Std7] US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide 1.97: Criteria for Accident Monitoring Instrumentation for Nuclear Power Plants, current edition.

[Std8] International Atomic Energy Agency, GSR Part 3: Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards, 2014.

H.7 Application-Specific Papers

Medical Imaging

[M1] S. Vandenberghe, E. Mikhaylova, E. D'Hoe, P. Mollet, and J. S. Karp, "Recent developments in time-of-flight PET," EJNMMI Phys., vol. 3, art. 3, 2016.

[M2] D. R. Schaart, "Physics and technology of time-of-flight PET detectors," Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 66, no. 9, 09TR01, 2021.

Nuclear and Reactor Instrumentation

[R1] US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Final Safety Evaluation Report: NuScale Power Module Design Certification Application," NRC ADAMS Accession No. ML20023A318, 2020.

[R2] International Atomic Energy Agency, "Advances in Small Modular Reactor Technology Developments," IAEA Booklet, Vienna, 2024 update.

[R3] World Nuclear Association, "Plans for New Reactors Worldwide," updated 2025.

Space Nuclear Power

[Sp1] S. Oleson et al., "40kW Fission Surface Power System (FSPS) Deployability," National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA/TM-20220012395, Nov. 2022.

H.8 Recommended Further Reading

For readers wanting to go deeper:

• The IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (monthly) is the primary peer-reviewed venue for radiation-detection electronics papers. Subscribed institutions include nearly all relevant companies and laboratories.
• The Nuclear Instruments and Methods A journal is the primary peer-reviewed venue for detector hardware and physics papers. Open to submissions across the field.
• The annual IEEE NSS-MIC conference proceedings (published as IEEE NSS Conference Records) carries the largest concentration of new work in the field each year.
• The biennial SCINT conference proceedings carries the materials-science-focused work.
• Major detector manufacturers publish white papers and technical notes that, while not peer-reviewed, are often the best source of practical detail on specific products and configurations.
• The IAEA Nuclear Series publications and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency publications cover regulatory and reactor-instrumentation context.

The literature is large and growing. The strategy that has worked for working engineers is to read regularly in two or three focused areas, attend one major conference annually, and rely on the rest as reference material consulted when specific questions arise.

This concludes the second edition of The Nuts and Bolts (and Crystals) of Scintillator Technology. The first edition was published in 2023. This second edition was written by David Brown of Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation in 2026.

The field will keep changing. The next edition, when it is needed, will document the changes that have not happened yet.